Water Management
Water is a key resource in tourism and services to tourists are heavily dependent on it. Water can become a constraint to sustainable development, a limit on tourist activities and an issue of conflict with local residents over allocation and pricing, in particular when water is a scarce resource. While new innovative water supplies can be difficult to obtain and costly (e.g. import, desalinization), conservation is one means to reduce or mitigate demand (e.g. recycling waste or grey water).
For measuring water availability and water conservation a variety of indicators exist, ranging, inter alia, from water use per capita per tourist to water saving and recycled waste and grey water, as well as pricing. In addition to these aspects, measuring the quality of drinking water and sea water are also aspects of interest for tourism and require relevant attention by destinations.
However, monitoring in the area of water management, especially in water scarce areas, keep being a major challenge for many destinations.
PUBLICATIONS
| Water Availability and Conservation, Excerpt from Indicators of Sustainable Development of Tourism Destinations, A Guidebook, World Tourism Organization (2004), pp.165–171. |
PRESENTATIONS
| Measuring Water Consumption, Presentation at the 2022 INSTO Workshop in Mallorca, by the University of the Balearic Islands (04/2022). |
| Water and Waste Management in Tourism in the Canary Islands, Presentation at the 2022 INSTO Workshop in Mallorca, by the Tourism Observatory of the Canary Islands (04/2022). |
| Video Recording of Technical INSTO Webinar on Water and Waste Water Management, World Tourism Organization (06/2021). |
| Water Footprint and Sustainable Tourism, Presentation at the Technical INSTO Webinar, by Suez Spain (06/2021). |
OTHER RESOURCES
| Data & Indicators - Water, OECD. |
| UN-Water SDG6 Data Portal, United Nations. |
| World Bank Water Data, The World Bank. |
| Course on SDG Indicator 6.4.1 - Change in water-use efficiency over time, FAO e-learning Academy. |
| Course on SDG Indicator 6.4.2 - Level of water stress, FAO e-learning Academy. |
| Safer Ocean Economy, Lloyd's Register Foundation. |
| Tourism and water use: Supply, demand, and security. An international review, Stefan Gössling, Paul Peeters, C. Michael Hall, Jean-Paul Ceron, Ghislain Dubois, La Vergne Lehmann, Daniel Scott (2011) |
| Working Group of Experts on Measuring the Sustainability of Tourism, Second Meeting, (page 8), UNWTO HQ (2018) |
| Tourism and water, a difficult relationship that should be exemplary, We are Water Organization |
| Water, Eurostat |
| Measuring the Sustainability of Tourism (MST), UNWTO |
| System of Environmental Economic Accounting (SEEA), United Nations |
RELEVANT AGREEMENTS SUPPORTING THE SHARING OF DATA
| Action Plan for Integrated Water and Climate Agenda, Water and Climate Coalition Leaders. |
| Water and Climate Action, Water and Climate Coalition Leaders. |